The California missions of Alta California (under Spanish and Mexican rule) were built as religious and military way stations to help spread Spain's and Mexico's influences in the New World.
A major goal of the missions was to convert and educate the Native Americans they found along the way. This was to provide the church and the government with both labor and tax monies. The mission period lasted from 1769 to 1833.
Beginning in San Diego, all of the missions are located on or near Highway 101, called El Camino Real (the Royal Road) in the days of the padres.
Huell Howser, long-time host of the television series, California's Gold, did an episode about The Bells of El Camino Real, specially designed brass bells (created and produced by the California Bell Company) that serve as markers along the historic roadway.
The first mission, San Diego de Alcala, was founded in 1769 by Fathers Serra, Palou, and Parron near the mouth of the San Diego River.
The last (and only Mexican) mission, San Francisco Solano, was founded in 1823 in pretty Sonoma Valley by Father Jose Altimira. There are 21 California missions in all.
1. Mission San Diego de Alcala (1769)
The 1st of California's 21 missions, it's called the Mother of the Missions.
10818 San Diego Mission Road
San Diego, CA 92108
619.281.8449
2. Mission San Carlos Borromeo de Carmelo (1770)
It's the only mission to still have its original bell tower dome.
3080 Rio Road
Carmel, CA 93923
831.624.1271
3. Mission San Antonio de Padua (1771)
Situated in the scenic Valley of the Oaks, period re-enactors bring the original mission back to life one day a year.
Mission Creek Road
Jolon, CA 93928
832.385.4478
4. San Gabriel Arcangel (1771) |
5. San Luis Obispo de Tolosa (1772) |
6, San Francisco de Asis, Mission |
7. San Juan Capistrano (1776) |
8. Santa Clara de Asis (1777) |
#9. San Buenaventura (1782) |
#10. Mission Santa Bárbara (1786) |
#11. Mission La Purisima Concepóion (1787) |
#12. La Misión la Exaltación de la Santa Cruz (1791) |
#13. Mission Nuestra Señora de la Soledad (1791) |
#14. La Misión del Gloriosisimo Patriarch San José (1797) |
#15. Mission San Juan Bautista (1797) |
#16. Mission San Miguel Arcángel (1797) |
#17. Mission San Fernando Rey de España (1797) |
#18. Mission San Luis Rey de Francia (1798) |
#19. Mission Santa Inés (1804) |
#20. Mission San Rafael Arcángel (1817) |
#21. Mission San Francisco Solano (1823) |
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